{"id":3967,"date":"2026-04-20T13:54:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-20T17:54:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/news\/\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T16:18:40","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T20:18:40","slug":"chemistry-of-wine-community-tasting-event","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/news\/chemistry-of-wine-community-tasting-event\/","title":{"rendered":"The Chemistry of Wine: Connecting Taste, Science, and Community in Southwestern Michigan"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group is-style-leco-vertical-margin-top has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-182edfea wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group leco-published-on is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c42e298b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p>Published on<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"line-height:1;\" class=\"wp-block-post-date has-custom-1-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2026-04-20T13:54:48-04:00\">20 4\u6708 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-h2-style\">The Chemistry of Wine: Connecting Taste, Science, and Community in Southwestern Michigan<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><figure class=\"is-style-rounded wp-block-post-featured-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine participants during red wine sampling\" style=\"object-fit:cover;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\"><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c631bffc wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:48px\">\n<div class=\"leco-share-article align-left wp-block-create-block-leco-share-article\">\n\t<div class=\"share-article-wrapper\">\n\t\t<button class=\"share-article-button\" data-url=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/news\/chemistry-of-wine-community-tasting-event\/\" aria-label=\"Share Article\">\n\t\t\tShare Article\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t<span class=\"share-article-copied\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\">\n\t\t\tArticle Link Copied\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-sl-1-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-sl-1-background-color has-background has-base-100-color has-base-100-background-color is-style-default\" style=\"margin-top:60px;margin-bottom:60px\">\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Wine is often described with poetic words\u2014citrus, cocoa, floral, or earthy\u2014yet behind every note is a complex chemical story shaped by the vineyard, the winemaker, and time. For many wine drinkers, science stays invisible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At <em>The Chemistry of Wine<\/em>, a tasting event co-hosted by LECO and Lake Michigan College, science stepped out of the lab and into the glass. Guests sampled locally produced wines while learning how chemistry helps explain what we smell, taste, and enjoy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4263\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Liz Huston-Fulmer presenting at The Chemistry of Wine\" class=\"wp-image-4263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4257\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/john-beck-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/john-beck-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/john-beck-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/john-beck-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/john-beck-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/john-beck-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4258\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/joe-binkley-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine participants\" class=\"wp-image-4258\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/joe-binkley-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/joe-binkley-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/joe-binkley-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/joe-binkley-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/joe-binkley-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4238\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/susan-wilczak-lia-mccoskey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine participants\" class=\"wp-image-4238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/susan-wilczak-lia-mccoskey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/susan-wilczak-lia-mccoskey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/susan-wilczak-lia-mccoskey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/susan-wilczak-lia-mccoskey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/susan-wilczak-lia-mccoskey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4259\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/mason-marsh-matt-most-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine participants conversing about wine aromas\" class=\"wp-image-4259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/mason-marsh-matt-most-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/mason-marsh-matt-most-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/mason-marsh-matt-most-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/mason-marsh-matt-most-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/mason-marsh-matt-most-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4240\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/leco-tlc-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine participants visually examining red wines\" class=\"wp-image-4240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/leco-tlc-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/leco-tlc-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/leco-tlc-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/leco-tlc-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/leco-tlc-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4260\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/greg-fulmer-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine participants sniffing wine to begin aroma analysis\" class=\"wp-image-4260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/greg-fulmer-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/greg-fulmer-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/greg-fulmer-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/greg-fulmer-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/greg-fulmer-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4241\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kirstin-rossman-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine participants enjoying conversation\" class=\"wp-image-4241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kirstin-rossman-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kirstin-rossman-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kirstin-rossman-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kirstin-rossman-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/kirstin-rossman-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4242\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine participants during red wine sampling\" class=\"wp-image-4242\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/alex-blematl-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--2-xl)\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Truly Local Partnership<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>LECO is headquartered in St. Joseph, Michigan, in the heart of the Lake Michigan Shore American Viticulture Area (AVA). This 1.3-million-acre region in Southwest Michigan is responsible for more than 80% of the state\u2019s total grape production. Situated at 42 degrees north, the <a href=\"https:\/\/michigan.guides.winefolly.com\/regions\/lake-michigan-shore\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake Michigan Shore AVA<\/a> is geographically similar to famous wine regions across Europe, including France, Germany, and Spain. Glacial soils and the \u201cLake Effect\u201d contribute to an extremely productive agricultural region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Serving much of this same area, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lakemichigancollege.edu\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.lakemichigancollege.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake Michigan College<\/a> (LMC) is a public local community college, located in neighboring Benton Harbor, Michigan. Among their many programs and community services, LMC houses the only teaching winery in the Midwest, the <a href=\"https:\/\/lakemichiganvintners.com\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/lakemichiganvintners.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake Michigan Vintners<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lakemichigancollege.edu\/academics\/culinary-wineviticulture\/wine-and-viticulture\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.lakemichigancollege.edu\/academics\/culinary-wineviticulture\/wine-and-viticulture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wine and Viticulture Technology program<\/a>, students get hands-on experience of the entire winemaking process\u2014from harvesting grapes at nearby vineyards, through crushing and aging, to bottling and serving\u2014 in a fully functional winery and tasting room.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Growing Complex Chemistry<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Every decision in the winemaking process has an impact on the final product, and LECO instruments support winemakers through every step. Justin Ledyard, LECO Product Manager for Organic Instruments (<em>below, left<\/em>), explained the importance of determining moisture and analyzing essential elements (carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur) that impact soil health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nitrogen and sulfur are both essential nutrients for plant growth. Agronomists use data obtained from instruments like the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leco.com\/products\/828-series\/\" data-type=\"products\" data-id=\"1583\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CN828<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leco.com\/products\/832-series\/\" data-type=\"products\" data-id=\"1584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SC832<\/a> to help determine nutrients available in the soil and inform decisions on fertilizer application. Total organic carbon (TOC) measurements reflect the amount of organic matter in soil. Detailed characterization of carbon speciation and content is fundamental for improving soil structure, water retention, and maintaining microbial life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4262\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/justin-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Justin Ledyard, LECO\" class=\"wp-image-4262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/justin-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/justin-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/justin-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/justin-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/justin-presenting-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"2869\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scientist-loading-coal-samples-tga801-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Scientist loading samples into thermogravimetric analyzer\" class=\"wp-image-2869\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scientist-loading-coal-samples-tga801-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scientist-loading-coal-samples-tga801-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scientist-loading-coal-samples-tga801-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scientist-loading-coal-samples-tga801-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scientist-loading-coal-samples-tga801.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Moisture, determined through thermogravimetric analysis with LECO <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leco.com\/products\/thermogravimetric-analyzer\/\" data-type=\"products\" data-id=\"1634\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TGA801<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leco.com\/products\/thermogravimetric-moisture\/\" data-type=\"products\" data-id=\"1635\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TGM800<\/a>, is vital to plant health, carrying nutrients, regulating soil temperature, and further supporting microbial life. Accurate determination of moisture content also serves as a critical factor for the evaluation of a variety of analytically important constituents within soil. In the vineyard, decisions on moisture and irrigation impact grape health and growth, which provide the foundation for flavor development.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Developing Flavors<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Grapes\u2014and wine\u2014contain hundreds of chemical compounds known as analytes. Analytical tools, especially gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), measure these analytes to better understand a sample\u2019s characteristics and chemical composition. Analytes begin developing in the vineyard and continue to develop through the entire winemaking process, with variations at each stage leading to different mixtures of analytes for different wines. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From the moment grapes are harvested, the chemistry starts to change. \u00a0Grapes have many analytes, including terpenes that are one type of analyte that contributes to aroma. Crushing releases juice, exposing compounds to oxygen, and activating enzymatic reactions. Through adding yeast, the juices begin to ferment, which converts sugars in the juice to alcohol, and develops new and different analyte combinations through other reactions. Many esters (another type of analyte that contributes to aroma) develop during fermentation. Aging slows fermentation and allows flavors to develop, while potentially adding new analytes to the wine from barrels and storage methods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wine flavors never stop developing, even after bottling. Analytes continue to slowly react, ever changing the wine characteristics. Every decision and step of the process has an impact on the aromas and flavors we perceive, and LECO\u2019s GC-MS can help us determine the analytes associated with these aromas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Perceiving the Chemistry<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Prior to the tasting, LECO chemists analyzed four of Lake Michigan Vintners wines using the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leco.com\/products\/pegasus-btx\/\" data-type=\"products\" data-id=\"54603\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pegasus BTX 4D GCxGC-TOFMS<\/a> platform. This powerful analytical tool uncovered hundreds of analytes in the wines. Guests were co-led through the tasting by Tim Godfrey (Director, Wine &amp; Viticulture Technology, LMC; <em>below, left<\/em>) and Liz Humston-Fulmer (Separation Science Application Chemist, LECO; <em>below, right<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4243\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/tim-godfrey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Tim Godfrey, Lake Michigan College\" class=\"wp-image-4243\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/tim-godfrey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/tim-godfrey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/tim-godfrey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/tim-godfrey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/tim-godfrey-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"4261\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Liz Humston-Fulmer, LECO\" class=\"wp-image-4261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/liz-presenting-closeup-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tim introduced participants to the Five \u201cS\u201d method of sampling wine\u2014See, Swirl, Sniff, Sip, Savor\u2014designed to enhance the flavors and aromas during the tasting. Guests were asked to use their senses and encouraged to report their perception of flavor profiles. After each tasting, Liz shared chromatograms and some of the analyte information collected through LECO <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leco.com\/products\/chromatof-software\/\" data-type=\"products\" data-id=\"1594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ChromaTOF software<\/a> and explained how the science supported audience\u2019s perceptions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--2-xl)\">Exploring the Wines<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Attendees tasted four wines: a Riesling, a Sauvignon Blanc, a red blend, and a Merlot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-grid wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6349bc23 wp-block-group-is-layout-grid\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Riesling (White)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Harvested from nearby <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canr.msu.edu\/swmrec\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SWMREC vineyards<\/a> in October 2023, fermented in stainless-steel<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sauvignon Blanc (White)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Grapes sourced from several local vineyards, harvested in October 2025, fermented in steel<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group mt-2 wp-container-content-ff36d0a8 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Red Hawk Red (Red)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bottled in 2023, a blend of three \u201cred\u201d grapes: Marquette, Cabernet Franc, and Merlot. Mostly stainless steel fermentation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group mt-2 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Merlot (Red)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Harvested in October 2023; underwent saign\u00e9e and pre-fermentation, prior to aging in oak barrel then bottle.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"is-style-caption-body-style\">Saign\u00e9e is a process in red wine production, where a portion of juice is removed early in the process. This allows remaining juice to concentrate further. The extracted juices are often fermented as ros\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--2-xl);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--2-xl)\">\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comparing the Chemistry of White Wines<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:16px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a32dcac15eaa\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a32dcac15eaa\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"906\" height=\"504\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" 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(max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a32dcac164e3\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a32dcac164e3\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"906\" height=\"504\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"4252\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/riesling-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine audience aroma perceptions for sauvignon blanc\" class=\"wp-image-4252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/riesling-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 906w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/riesling-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x167.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/riesling-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x427.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/riesling-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a32dcac16993\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a32dcac16993\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"906\" height=\"504\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"4254\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine audience aroma perceptions for sauvignon blanc\" class=\"wp-image-4254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 906w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x167.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x427.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"6a32dcac16e26\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a32dcac16e26\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"906\" height=\"504\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"4251\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" alt=\"Lake Michigan Vintners 2025 Sauvignon Blanc Chromatogram\" class=\"wp-image-4251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 906w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x167.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x427.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The audience tasting notes from the event are shown in the bar chart alongside the chromatograms for each of the wines. Some of the most selected aroma notes are common for both white wines (like apple, pear, and citrus), while other aroma notes are more distinct between the wines (like petrol for the Riesling and banana, tropical and herbal for Sauvignon Blanc). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When comparing the Riesling and Sauvignon Blanc chemical data, the chromatograms look very similar, but many differences were also observed. Overlapping esters are associated with some of these common fruity, apple, and pear notes. Terpenes contribute to some of the citrus, herbal, and floral notes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One analyte unique to the Riesling wine is TDN (1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene). This analyte is known to provide a distinct \u201cpetrol\u201d aroma. As Riesling wines age, this analyte continues to develop, and this aroma becomes more noticeable. At a young \u201cage\u201d, it might be harder to perceive as TDN may not have accumulated to a high enough level\u2014but our GC-MS system easily determined the analyte, and many of our participants identified its aroma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Participants also identified more grassy, tropical, and banana aroma notes in the Sauvignon Blanc compared to the Riesling. Our data supports this, and when comparing samples with <a href=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/instrument\/%e3%82%af%e3%83%ad%e3%83%9e%e3%83%88%e3%83%95%e5%90%8c%e6%9c%9f%e3%83%87%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e3%82%a2%e3%83%a9%e3%82%a4%e3%83%b3%e3%83%a1%e3%83%b3%e3%83%88\/\" data-type=\"instrument\" data-id=\"2711\">ChromaTOF Sync 2D<\/a>, it is easy to see several esters that are unique to the Sauvignon Blanc with these types of aromas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"957\" height=\"121\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-focused-comparison-heat-map.webp\" alt=\"ChromaTOF Sync heatmap exploring analyte compounds focused on tropical, banana notes\" class=\"wp-image-4247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-focused-comparison-heat-map.webp 957w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-focused-comparison-heat-map-300x38.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-focused-comparison-heat-map-768x97.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/sauvignon-focused-comparison-heat-map-18x2.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 957px) 100vw, 957px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The above chart shows intensity of specific analytes found within each wine sample. Here, multiple analytes associated with banana and various fruit aromas are highly identified by red cells in the Sauvignon Blanc.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--l)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comparing the Chemistry of Red Wines<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"906\" height=\"504\" data-id=\"4255\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine audience aroma perceptions for red wine blend\" class=\"wp-image-4255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 906w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x167.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x427.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"828\" height=\"504\" data-id=\"4250\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" alt=\"Lake Michigan Vintners 2023 Red Hawk Red Chromatogram\" class=\"wp-image-4250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 828w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x183.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x467.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/blend-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 828px) 100vw, 828px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"906\" height=\"504\" data-id=\"4256\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" alt=\"Chemistry of Wine audience aroma perceptions for red wine blend\" class=\"wp-image-4256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 906w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x167.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x427.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-perceptions-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"828\" height=\"504\" data-id=\"4249\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" alt=\"Lake Michigan Vintners 2023 Merlot Chromatogram\" class=\"wp-image-4249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 828w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x183.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x467.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-chromatogram-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 828px) 100vw, 828px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>As both red wines sampled were produced using merlot grapes, it is not surprising to see so many similarities in the chromatograms when comparing the Red Hawk Red and the Merlot. The audience tasting notes for these wines were also quite similar. For example, participants overwhelmingly identified shared aromas: cherry, berry, earthy, oak\/woody, and spicy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The cherry and berry fruit notes of these wines were distinctly different compared to the fruit notes for the Riesling and Sauvignon Blanc, which were described as more apple and pear. These types of differences are likely associated with different combinations of esters in the wines. For example, several esters that were observed at higher levels in the red wines are shown here. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Comprehensive analysis also allows us to identify whiskey and oak lactones that are associated with oak barrels and unique to the red wines. These are observed at notably higher levels in the Merlot, but are also present in the Red Hawk Red. Both wines were aged in an oak barrel, but the merlot was barrel-aged longer (for 18 months); these analytes are imparted from the wood as the wine ages and many of our participants picked up these aroma notes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"957\" height=\"121\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-focused-comparison-heat-map.webp\" alt=\"ChromaTOF Sync heatmap exploring analyte compounds focused on oak and whiskey notes\" class=\"wp-image-4248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-focused-comparison-heat-map.webp 957w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-focused-comparison-heat-map-300x38.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-focused-comparison-heat-map-768x97.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/merlot-focused-comparison-heat-map-18x2.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 957px) 100vw, 957px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The above chart shows intensity of specific analytes found within each wine sample. Whiskey lactone and Oak lactone are highly identified by red cells in the Merlot.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"is-style-caption-body-style\"><strong>Did you know?<\/strong> The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cas.org\/cas-data\/cas-registry\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.cas.org\/cas-data\/cas-registry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CAS Registry<\/a> is a universal standard for identifying chemical substances. The registry contains over 290 million identified substances, giving chemists a common reference for discussing chemical compounds.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-rounded\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--l)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/looking-at-wine-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp\" alt=\"wine tasting members looking at their wines\" class=\"wp-image-4264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/looking-at-wine-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting.webp 1280w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/looking-at-wine-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/looking-at-wine-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/looking-at-wine-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/looking-at-wine-lake-michigan-college-wine-tasting-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>By bringing together Lake Michigan College\u2019s educational expertise, the craftsmanship of Lake Michigan Vintners, and LECO\u2019s analytical precision, we were able to peel back the curtain on the complex molecular world inside every bottle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whether it was identifying the \u201cpetrol\u201d notes of a young Riesling through TDN or seeing the lactones imparted by an oak barrel, this collaboration showed that the science we study in the lab is the same craft we taste in the glass, forming the true foundation of our local flavors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Experience the Chemistry Yourself<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you\u2019re curious to explore how place, process, and chemistry come together in the glass, the best next step is simple: visit Lake Michigan Vintners. The wines tasted during this event were produced by students learning the craft from vineyard to bottle right here in Southwest Michigan. Every sip supports the next generation of winemakers and the continued growth of our local viticulture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Plan your visit to the tasting room and support local student-crafted wine: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lakemichiganvintners.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Visit Lake Michigan Vintners<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u571f\u58cc\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded-full-width\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-carbonate-removal-from-soils-hero-image-012026-1024x307.jpg\" alt=\"LECO - Event - Carbonate Removal from Soils - Hero image\" class=\"wp-image-647\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-carbonate-removal-from-soils-hero-image-012026-1024x307.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-carbonate-removal-from-soils-hero-image-012026-300x90.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-carbonate-removal-from-soils-hero-image-012026-768x230.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-carbonate-removal-from-soils-hero-image-012026-1536x461.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-carbonate-removal-from-soils-hero-image-012026-18x5.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-carbonate-removal-from-soils-hero-image-012026.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Moisture, carbon, and nitrogen in soil are the building blocks of grape quality. Learn more about LECO elemental analysis solutions to see how precise soil characterization supports a successful harvest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/application\/%e5%9c%9f%e5%a3%8c%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90\/\">Explore Soil Analysis Solutions<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aroma Analysis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded-full-width\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-flavor-aroma-data-analysis-software-hero-image-012026-1024x307.jpg\" alt=\"LECO - Event - Flavor Aroma Data Analysis Software - Hero image\" class=\"wp-image-654\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-flavor-aroma-data-analysis-software-hero-image-012026-1024x307.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-flavor-aroma-data-analysis-software-hero-image-012026-300x90.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-flavor-aroma-data-analysis-software-hero-image-012026-768x230.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-flavor-aroma-data-analysis-software-hero-image-012026-1536x461.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-flavor-aroma-data-analysis-software-hero-image-012026-18x5.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/leco-event-flavor-aroma-data-analysis-software-hero-image-012026.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Are you curious about the science behind \u2018petrol\u2019 notes in Riesling, or the lactones in barrel-aged Merlot? Learn more about how the Pegasus GC-TOFMS platform identifies analytes that define a wine\u2019s flavor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/%e3%82%a2%e3%83%97%e3%83%aa%e3%82%b1%e3%83%bc%e3%82%b7%e3%83%a7%e3%83%b3\/flavor-aroma\/aroma-flavor-fragrance-analysis\/\">Explore Aroma &amp; Flavor Solutions<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9b5fd1f6 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-sl-1-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-sl-1-background-color has-background has-base-100-color has-base-100-background-color is-style-default\" style=\"margin-top:60px;margin-bottom:60px\">\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-h4-style\">Related News<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-query is-layout-flow wp-block-query-is-layout-flow\"><ul class=\"columns-3 wp-block-post-template is-layout-grid wp-container-core-post-template-is-layout-572542b5 wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid\"><li class=\"wp-block-post post-5901 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news instrument-model-57 instrument-model-61 core-analysis-type-nitrogen application-type-protein-analysis product-line-elemental-analysis\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><figure style=\"aspect-ratio:16\/9;\" class=\"wp-block-post-featured-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/news\/testing-alternatives-whey-protein-shortage\/\" target=\"_self\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" 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core-analysis-type-sample-prep-hardness-testing application-type-metals-ores product-line-grinding-polishing product-line-hardness-testing product-line-metallography product-line-microscopes product-line-mounting product-line-sectioning\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><figure style=\"aspect-ratio:16\/9;\" class=\"wp-block-post-featured-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/news\/sample-preparation-aluminum-alloys\/\" target=\"_self\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/metallography-grinding-polishing-diamond-suspension-fluid-bottles.png\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Sample Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/metallography-grinding-polishing-diamond-suspension-fluid-bottles.png 1280w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/metallography-grinding-polishing-diamond-suspension-fluid-bottles-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/metallography-grinding-polishing-diamond-suspension-fluid-bottles-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/metallography-grinding-polishing-diamond-suspension-fluid-bottles-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/metallography-grinding-polishing-diamond-suspension-fluid-bottles-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\"><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<h4 style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:300;\" class=\"has-link-color wp-elements-25e6d450634c6f6ce866507b40ad7ad3 wp-block-post-title has-text-color has-dm-8-color has-medium-font-size has-rothek-font-family\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/news\/sample-preparation-aluminum-alloys\/\" target=\"_self\">Sample Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys<\/a><\/h4>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-05-27T08:55:10-04:00\">27 5\u6708 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LECO partnered with Lake Michigan College to taste student-made, locally produces wines and explore the chemistry behind their aromas.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4242,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"instrument-model":[57,58,91,105,106],"core-analysis-type":[20,27,26,23],"application-type":[9,38],"product-line":[14,11,15],"class_list":["post-3967","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","instrument-model-57","instrument-model-58","instrument-model-btx4d","instrument-model-tga801","instrument-model-tgm800","core-analysis-type-carbon","core-analysis-type-gc-mass-spectrometry","core-analysis-type-moisture","core-analysis-type-nitrogen","application-type-aroma-flavor-fragrance","application-type-soil-analysis","product-line-elemental-analysis","product-line-mass-spectrometry","product-line-thermal-analysis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3967","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3967"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3967\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3967"},{"taxonomy":"instrument-model","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/instrument-model?post=3967"},{"taxonomy":"core-analysis-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/core-analysis-type?post=3967"},{"taxonomy":"application-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/application-type?post=3967"},{"taxonomy":"product-line","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev26.lecowebtest.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product-line?post=3967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}